| 程兴国,何玉良,杜保峰,宋立强,张平,王亚珂.卢旺达共和国钽矿地质特征、成矿规律及勘查开发建议[J].矿产勘查,2025,16(S1):146-155 |
| 卢旺达共和国钽矿地质特征、成矿规律及勘查开发建议 |
| Geological characteristics，metallogenic regularity，suggestions on exploration and development of tantalum deposits in Rwanda |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-12 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.2025S1017 |
| 中文关键词: 卢旺达 钽矿 伟晶岩型 成矿规律 勘查开发建议 |
| 英文关键词: Rwanda tantalum pegmatite type metallogenic regularity suggestions on exploration and development |
| 基金项目:本文受援卢旺达地质矿产调查项目(WKZB1811BJB301389)资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 卢旺达是全球重要的铌 -钽-钨-锡成矿区。优势矿种为钽、锡、钨，其中钽矿产量 2019—2022年连续 4年位居世界第三。钽矿床类型主要是伟晶岩型，钨锡矿床类型主要为石英脉型。伟晶岩型钽矿常与铌锡共伴生，局部共伴生锂铍，赋存于 G4花岗岩与卢旺达超群接触带外围地层或断裂中的伟晶岩脉内。目前卢旺达所有在产钽矿均在伟晶岩风化带开采，尚未进入硬岩带(原生矿石带)开采，且绝大部分未进行正规勘查工作。与风化带相比，开发硬岩带具有复杂的采选方式和高额的经济成本，建议勘查先行，掌握矿体垂向分带的各种特征，为海外投资开发矿山摸清底数。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rwanda is an important niobium-tantalum-tungsten-tin metallogenic area in the world. The preponderance minerals in Rwanda are tantalum，tin，tungsten. The production of tantalum metal has ranked thirdin the word for four consecutive four years from 2019 to 2022. Pegmatite type is the main type of Ta deposits andquartz-vein type is the main type of W-Sn deposits. In the pegmatite orebody，tantalum is frequently co-associated with tin and niobiumb，locally with lithium beryllium. It occurs in pegmatite veins in the outer strata or faults of thecontact zone between G4 granite and Rwanda supergroup. At present，nearly all tantalum deposits in Rwanda weremined in weathering zone rather than in hard rock zone or primary ore zone of pegmatite，and formal prospecting of most mines weren′t carried out up to now. Compare to weathered belt of pegmatite，minning in hard rock zone has complicated mining methods and high economic costs. Therefore，it suggestes that exploration should be carried out firstly，and various characteristics of vertical zoning in tantalum orebody should be mastered to find out thebasis for investment and development of overseas mines. |
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