| 卢玲敏,郑亚东,刘昭,男达瓦,赵福森.西藏阿里地区典型地热水化学特征及成因[J].矿产勘查,2025,16(10):2377-2387 |
| 西藏阿里地区典型地热水化学特征及成因 |
| Hydrochemical characteristics and causes of typical geothermal display areas in the Ngari Prefecture |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-18 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.202510014 |
| 中文关键词: 地热水 地球化学 水化学特征 热储温度 地热水成因 |
| 英文关键词: geothermal water geochemistry hydrochemical characteristics thermal storage temperature geo.thermal water causes |
| 基金项目:本文受西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202501ZY0051)、(XZ202501ZR0146)与(XZ202301ZY0042G)联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 阿里地区处于雅鲁藏布江缝合带与班公湖—怒江缝合带交汇区域，当前构造活动活跃且地热资源丰富，但该区域地热水的水文地球化学过程及其水热成因机理的研究尚不充分，地热水成因过程机制仍未清晰阐明。对区内 16个典型温泉点的水化学组分特征进行研究，探讨了地热水的离子组成来源及其循环迁移规律。在此基础上，利用水文地球化学及地温计分析了储层的水岩平衡状态、热储温度以及冷水的混入比例。研究表明:研究区属构造隆起区热对流型地热系统，地热水整体处于封闭条件好，流经路径短，循环速度快的环境。区内的离子成分主要以 Na+和 HCO3-为主，其形成受硅酸盐等矿物溶解以及阳离子交替吸附的影响；区内主要受大气降水和冰雪融水的补给，未混入冷水时储层的温度为 121~247 ℃，冷水混合比例在 60%~70%。地热水在深部循环过程中有 Li、B及 Cl-的混入，与周围的围岩发生水岩反应，导致 F、Sr等组分含量富集，地热水深循环过程中沿次级构造或破碎带升流至地表，最终形成温泉。本研究揭示了阿里地区地热水水化学特征及水热成因模式，对研究区地热资源的可持续开发利用和工程建设提供了科学指导。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Ngari Prefecture is located in the confluence area of the Yarlung Zangbo River suture zone andthe Pangong Lake-Nujiang River suture zone. Currently, the tectonic activities are active and the geothermal re.sources are abundant. However, the research on the hydrogeochemical process of geothermal water and its hydrother.mal genesis mechanism in this area is still insufficient, and the genesis process mechanism of geothermal water hasnot been clearly clarified. The water chemical composition characteristics of 16 typical hot spring spots in the areawere studied, and the ionic composition sources and circulation migration laws of geothermal water were discussed.On this basis, the water-rock equilibrium state of the reservoir, the temperature of the hot reservoir and the propor.tion of cold water mixed were analyzed by using hydrogeochemistry and geothermal meters. Research shows that thestudy area belongs to a thermal convection geothermal system in a tectonic uplift zone. The geothermal water as awhole is in an environment with good closed conditions, short flow paths and fast circulation speeds. The ionic com.ponents in the area are mainly Na+ and HCO3-, and their formation is affected by the dissolution of minerals such assilicates and the alternating adsorption of cations. The area is mainly replenished by atmospheric precipitation andmeltwater from ice and snow. When not mixed with cold water, the temperature of the reservoir is 121 to 247 ℃, andthe proportion of cold water mixture is 60% to 70%. During the deep circulation of geothermal water, Li, B and Cl-are mixed in, which undergo water-rock reactions with the surrounding rocks, leading to the enrichment of compo.nents such as F and Sr. During the deep circulation of geothermal water, they rise to the surface along secondarystructures or fracture zones and eventually form hot springs. This study reveals the hydrochemical characteristicsand hydrothermal genesis models of geothermal water in Ngari Prefecture, providing scientific guidance for the sus.tainable development and utilization of geothermal resources and engineering construction in the study area. |
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