| 吕斌,李俊锋,王正威,胡伟,杨贺杰.马达加斯加红土型铝土矿地球化学特征及成因探讨[J].矿产勘查,2025,16(S2):116-128 |
| 马达加斯加红土型铝土矿地球化学特征及成因探讨 |
| Geochemical characteristics and genesis of lateritic bauxite in Madagascar |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-28 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.2025s2018 |
| 中文关键词: 红土型铝土矿 地球化学特征 成矿机理 控矿因素 马达加斯加 |
| 英文关键词: red clay type bauxite geochemical characteristics ore-forming mechanism mineral control fac. tors Madagascar |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 红土型铝土矿是世界上最重要的铝土矿类型，占总资源储量的 80%以上，母岩通常为不含石英或含石英 很少的基性、超基性岩，而以花岗岩等酸性岩为母岩的红土型铝土矿占比较少。近年来，随着马达加斯加 北部一带勘查工作的不断投入，在该区以酸性岩为母岩的红土型铝土矿取得了重大找矿突破，初步估算 资源量已达超大型规模。由于前期仅对矿床的地质特征、矿石特征和找矿前景进行了初步研究，缺少铝 土矿成矿物质来源、成矿机理等方面的研究，限制了该区铝土矿成矿作用的认识以及进一步找矿工作的 推进。鉴于此，本文通过对研究区矿体特征、矿物学及地球化学特征研究，探讨了以花岗岩等酸性岩为母 岩的红土型铝土矿的成矿地质条件、矿物质来源、成矿机理及控矿因素，根据不同层位元素的变化规律推 测以花岗岩等酸性岩为母岩的铝土矿的形成过程，初步总结了铝土矿成矿模式，对该地区找矿实践具有 重要的指导意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Laterite bauxite is the most important type of bauxite in the world，accounting for over 80% of thetotal resource reserves. The parent rock is typically mafic or ultramafic rocks with little or no quartz，while laterite bauxite with acidic rocks such as granite as the parent rock is relatively rare. In recent years，with continuous exploration efforts in northern Madagascar，significant breakthroughs have been made in discovering lateritebauxite with acidic rocks as the parent rock in this region，with preliminary estimates indicating reserves reaching super-large scale. However，due to earlier studies focusing only on the geological characteristics，ore features，and exploration prospects of the deposits，and lacking research on the source of bauxite-forming materials and the mechanisms of mineralization，the understanding of bauxite mineralization and further exploration efforts in the area have been limited. In this regard，this paper investigates the characteristics of ore bodies，mineralogy，and geochemical features in the study area，exploring the geological conditions for bauxite formation，the sources of mineralizing materials，the mechanisms of mineralization，and controlling factors for laterite bauxite with acidicrocks such as granite as the parent rock. By analyzing the variations of elements at different stratigraphic levels， the formation process of laterite bauxite with acidic rocks as the parent rock is inferred，and a preliminary bauxite mineralization model is summarized，which provides important guidance for exploration practices in this region. |
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