| 邹瑜,杨永强,张帅雅,刘宝林,杨娟.广西北部湾海岸带海水重金属分布特征及污染评价[J].矿产勘查,2026,17(4):712-721 |
| 广西北部湾海岸带海水重金属分布特征及污染评价 |
| Distribution characteristics and pollution assessment of heavy metals in seawater from the coastal zone of Beibu Gulf, Guangxi |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-01 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.202604013 |
| 中文关键词: 海岸带 海水 重金属 污染评价 |
| 英文关键词: coastal zone seawater heavy metals pollution assessment |
| 基金项目:本文受国家自然科学基金项目(41106108)和中化地质矿山总局项目“海岸带资源利用与环境复”(ZHTD202106)联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 海岸带海水的环境质量状况与海洋生态系统的安全和人体健康关系密切。近年来，随着广西沿海经济的快速增长，对海岸带环境的影响也日益显著。为研究广西北部湾海岸带海水中重金属分布特征及污染状况，本文自广西海岸带采集了 71个海水样品。分析了这些样品中活性磷、盐度、溶解氧、硝态氮、氨氮、硫化物、化学好氧量(COD)、pH值、重金属离子含量及其空间分布特征。结果表明，北部湾海岸带海水水质总体较差。海岸带海水中重金属含量平均值大小为:Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd>Hg。从空间分布特征来看，海岸带海水中重金属含量总体高于北部湾海域平均含量。根据水质综合污染指数评价结果，29个点位水质污染严重，占所有采样点的 40.8%。主要污染点位分布在北海南部海岸带、铁山港湾和大风江口附近。对比历史监测数据，人类活动对海岸带海水中重金属含量的影响近年来有加剧的趋势。多元统计分析结果显示，海水中硫化物含量对重金属有明显的控制作用。而活性磷、无机氮只在一定程度上对重金属含量有影响。Pb、Zn和 Cu这 3种金属具有共同或相似的来源，可能来源于海上船舶行驶、燃油燃烧、海水养殖等活动，Cd与海水理化性质的相关性均不显著，可能来源于自然作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The environmental quality of coastal seawater is closely related to the safety of marine ecosystems and human health. In recent years, with the rapid growth of Guangxi′s coastal economy, the impact on the coastal en.vironment has become increasingly significant. To better understand the distribution and pollution levels of heavymetals in seawater in coastal zone of the Beibu gulf, a total of 71 seawater samples were collected for the analysis ofSP, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, ammonia nitrogen, sulfide, COD, pH and heavy metals ions. The results show that thesea quality in the area is poor. The average content of heavy metals in the coastal zone of Beibu Gulf in Guangxi wasZn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Hg. Spatially, the content of the heavy metals in the coastal zone of Beibu Gulf is generallyhigher than the average content in the Beibu Gulf. According to the evaluation results of the comprehensive waterpollution index, the water quality of 29 points was seriously polluted, accounting for 40.8% of all sampling points.The main pollution points are distributed in the southern coastal zone of Beihai, near Tieshan Harbor and DafengRiver Estuary. Compared with the historical monitoring data, the impact of human activities on the content of heavymetals in coastal seawater has been intensifying in recent years. The results of multivariate statistical analysisshowed that the sulfide content in seawater had a significant control effect on heavy metals. However, reactive phos.phorus and inorganic nitrogen only have an impact on the content of heavy metals to a certain extent. The correlationbetween Cd and the physical and chemical properties of seawater was not significant, suggesting the Cd might be re.lated to the natural input. |
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